What Are Urban Heat Islands

The buildings, concrete, asphalt, and the human and industrial activity of urban areas have caused cities to maintain higher temperatures than their surrounding countryside. This increased heat is known as an urban heat island. The air in an urban heat island can be as much as 20 °F (11 °C) higher than rural areas surrounding the city. What Are the Effects of Urban Heat Islands? The increased heat of our cities increases discomfort for everyone, requires an increase in the amount of energy used for cooling purposes, and increases pollution. Each citys urban heat island varies based on the city structure and thus the range of temperatures within the island vary as well. Parks and greenbelts reduce temperatures while the Central Business District (CBD), commercial areas, and even suburban housing tracts are areas of warmer temperatures. Every house, building, and road changes the microclimate around it, contributing to the urban heat islands of our cities. Los Angeles has been very much affected by its urban heat island. The city has seen its average temperature rise approximately 1 °F every decade since the beginning of its super-urban growth since the World War II era. Other cities have seen increases of 0.2 °-0.8 °F each decade. Methods for Decreasing Temperatures of Urban Heat Islands Various environmental and governmental agencies are working to decrease the temperatures of urban heat islands. This can be accomplished in several ways; most prominent are switching dark surfaces to light reflective surfaces and by planting trees. Dark surfaces, such as black roofs on buildings, absorb much more heat than light surfaces, which reflect sunlight. Black surfaces can be up to 70 °F (21 °C) hotter than light surfaces and that excess heat is transferred to the building itself, creating an increased need for cooling. By switching to light colored roofs, buildings can use 40% less energy. Planting trees not only helps to shade cities from incoming solar radiation, they also increase evapotranspiration, which decreases the air temperature. Trees can reduce energy costs by 10-20%. The concrete and asphalt of our cities increase  runoff, which decreases the evaporation rate and thus also increases temperature. Other Consequences of Urban Heat Islands Increased heat enhances photochemical reactions, which increases the particles in the air and thus contributes to the formation of smog and clouds. London receives approximately 270 fewer hours of sunlight than the surrounding countryside due to clouds and smog. Urban heat islands also increase precipitation in cities and areas downwind of cities. Our stone-like cities only slowly lose heat at night, thus causing the greatest temperature differences between city and countryside to take place at night. Some suggest that urban heat islands are the true culprit for global warming. Most of our temperature gauges have been located near cities so the cities which grew up around the thermometers have recorded an increase in average temperatures worldwide. However, such data is corrected by atmospheric scientists studying global warming.

Theme in Virgil’s Aeneid - 625 Words

Virgil, the most distinguished poet of the Roman Empire lived during the rulings of emperor Octavian, better known as Augustus. His father a farmer, he found no time for the daily grind, instead Virgil sought writing. His primary works of art centered on turmoil brought on by evil power and pointless wars. The history of this time is fascinating because it is the beginning of what we know today as the Roman Empire. It is easy to poke fun at Virgil as a spawn of Homer as his writing is similar in nature to the latter Greek poet. As we will see later, Aeneid has themes taken both from the Odyssey and the Iliad. This epic poem should not be looked at as not just another epic diplomatic piece of poetry but a well-crafted story of stories during this vast time period. Aeneid is an eventful narrative that is history to the ears of the Roman’s. The story is centered on the traveling hero Aeneas, and the famous Trojan War. In the begin Aeneas re-tells the story of the fall of the Tro jans and how he is told by the Gods that a future filled with greatness awaited him in Italy. During his travels he attempts several city reboots but due to evil and bad weather he was not successful. A princess by the name of Dido ends up falling madly in love with our hero Aeneas. He is constantly reminded by the Gods of his required duties and leaves Dido behind. She can’t live without him and stabs herself with his own sword. The second half of Aeneid centers on total drag out warfare. While inShow MoreRelatedTying Homers Iliad to Virgils Aeneid Through the Theme of Warfare1487 Words   |  6 PagesWarfare is a common thread that ties Homers Iliad to Virgils Aeneid. However, the way warfare is treated in the two epics is different. This can be attributed to many factors including the time between the composition of the pieces, the fact that pieces were written by different authors, and the fact that the pieces were written in different places. We can use these pieces to get a view of what the society that produced them thought about war and how the view of war changed as time went on inRead MoreThe Aeneid Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesVirgil asked that his unfinished Aeneid be destroyed, but Augustus would not let this happen. The Aeneid was later completed by two of Virgil’s friends, that fixed the minor grammatical errors and published the poem. This decision affected the track of literary history and the development of western culture. In fact, the Bible and the Aeneid were probably the two most consistently read books in Western Europe for hundreds of years. (â€Å"Virgil and the Moderns†) The Aeneid is a Latin epic poem that wasRead MoreCritical Review Of Ovid s Aeneid And Aeneid1382 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Review of Ovid’s and Virgil’s Aeneid The tale of the Aeneid tells the story of Aeneas and how he founds the Roman people. The most well known version of this story is Virgil’s Aeneid. The traditional interpretation of Virgil’s depiction of the hero and the myth is that it was used as propaganda for the new imperial system that the emperor Augustus had introduced. In contrast with this is the Harvard School interpretation, which states that Virgil’s Aeneid is actually undermining the ImperialRead MoreThe Aeneid By Virgil Aeneid1689 Words   |  7 PagesVirgil’s Aeneid was written in a time of political and social transition in Rome, which influenced the epic poem in a political way. Aeneid was written only a couple years after the civil war where a lot of people had started to lose faith in the greatness of Rome. Virgil’s intensely political poem concentrates on the theme of Rome’s greatness and particularly with the reign of the new emperor Augustus Caesar as the re-founder of glorious Rome. Throughout the poem Virgil used prophecies to makeRead MoreTheme Of Suffering In The Aeneid1032 Words   |  5 PagesVirgil’s The Aeneid is a Latin epic poem that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans. The poem details the journey of Aeneas and his men after they are forced to flee burning Troy and as they wander the seas in search of land suitable to found a new Troy. Throughout the many books, the Trojans suffer through the Trojan War, the loss of their home, fierce storms, horrible monsters, and the wrath of the gods. A major theme ofRead MoreSimilarities Between The Aeneid And The Iliad1029 Words   |  5 PagesPublius Vergilius Maro, or more commonly known as Virgil, studied the Greek’s most well-known author Homer when he was creating his national epic poem. Virgil’s â€Å"The Aeneid† was written long after the creation of Homer’s â€Å"The Iliadâ⠂¬ . However, there are many underlying similarities between the two. Virgil intended for their stories to share similar themes and plots because he truly admired Homer’s works he eventually adopted the Homeric style in his own writing. Despite having great battles and bloodshedRead MoreThe Aeneid By Publius Virgilius Maro1712 Words   |  7 PagesThe Aeneid was written by Publius Virgilius Maro, also referred to as Virgil. He was a Roman man born in northern Italy, in around 70 B.C.E. Virgil, who known for his poetry, especially his earliest work, wrote The Aeneid which was known as his greatest work. His gained his knowledge from studying Greek and Roman authors. Although Virgil studied both cultures his work was more so influenced by the Greek culture, his work was written with the use of common themes that Greek writers used for so manyRead More Comparing the Struggle in Dante’s Inferno and Book VI of The Aeneid4312 Words   |  18 PagesThe Infernal Struggle in Dante’s Inferno and Book VI of The Aeneid Does hell have its own history? For Dante, the structural and thematic history of ‘hell’ in the Inferno begins with the Roman epic tradition and its champion poet, Virgil. By drawing heavily from the characteristics of hell in Book VI of The Aeneid, Dante carries the epic tradition into the medieval world and affirms his indebtedness to Virgil’s poetry. Moreover, Virgil becomes a central character in the Inferno as he guidesRead More Destiny in the Aeneid Essay549 Words   |  3 Pagesin The Aeneid   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fate, in the Ancient Greek and Roman world, was one of the great unchangeable powers that stand above even the gods in the hierarchy of supernatural forces. The Greeks and Romans thought that the Fates were three ancient women who spun the web of destiny together. Each man’s life is a thread, and the fates would draw it out and cut it as they saw fit. The gods themselves had to obey the Fates, for even they had golden threads. Fate plays a very large role in Virgil’s epic TheRead MoreExcellence and the Fulfillment of Ones Purpose is the Philosophy of Classical Greece1158 Words   |  5 Pagesspecifically to the culture of the period in which it originated meant â€Å"the notion of excellence and the fulfillment of one’s purpose and/or function: in other words, the act of living up to ones full potential†. Example: Aeneas, from the Aeneid, is an example of someone who possesses the foundational aspects of the Arete philosophy. As a Trojan leader, Aeneas respects prophecy and attempts to incorporate the idea of his own destiny into his actions, in spite of emotional impulses that conflict

The Origins of a Newly Formed Toxic Algae in the Ocean

Recently, scientists have been noticing a quite thing occurring in the ocean that had never been seen before. Scientists have been recently finding a new type of algae in the ocean that does not have very great effects on the environment. Many say that this alga is probably a type of algae that is similar to the ones that grew millions of years ago; this alga is toxic though. It releases terrible pungent odors that can affect health. This algae was first discovered in Australia by fisherman and is now ruining Australian fishing industries by taking over the ocean. Scientist Judith O’Neil from the University of Queensland was the first scientist to discover the origins of this toxic algae. It has been considered a fireweed since it has†¦show more content†¦Many scientists believe that the odors and chemicals released by this toxin can also be airborne and can affect human health by smell and odors. Primitive marine life also affects the fishing economy in many aspects. Such as the fishing industry in Darien, Georgia it used to be dependent on shrimp, but then shrimp were overfished. So then swarms of jellyfish took over and now there is so much jellyfish there that jellyfish is the main fish caught there. The jellyfish also took over the space and environment of many other fish. But there have been many negative impacts too, with algae blooms dominating the oceans now fish and other edible marine life are dying off. Therefore fishermen have much more difficult time fishing. With difficult fishing much of these fishing economies will not do well. A â€Å"Primeval tide of toxins† not only affects people’s health but it definitely impacts fishing as well. This issue has a much greater impact on people than most people think it does. It is now known that primitive species of marine life have been controlling the oceans taking out the more complex species and affecting their ecosystems. This issue slowly but surely has been having negative impacts on the ocean and on the human race, but there must be something causing these populations to thrive in the ocean. They can’t thrive out of nowhere there must be a reason why. Scientists believe thatShow MoreRelatedThe Cell3265 Words   |  14 Pageseukaryotic cells are further divided into compartments by internal membranes in addition to the nuclear envelope, whereas prokaryotic cells never contain completely internal membranes. The prokaryotes include the mycoplasmas, bacteria, and blue-green algae. The eukaryotes comprise all plant and animal cells. In general, plant cells differ from animal cells in that they have a rigid cell wall exterior to the plasma membrane; a large vacuole, or fluid-filled pouch; and chloroplasts that convert light energyRead MoreEssay about The Cell3257 Words   |  14 Pageseukaryotic cells are further divided into compartments by internal membranes in addition to the nuclear envelope, whereas prokaryotic cells never contain completely internal membranes. The prokaryotes include the mycoplasmas, bacteria, and blue-green algae. The eukaryotes comprise all plant and animal cells. In general, plant cells differ from animal cells in that they have a rigid cell wall exterior to the plasma membrane; a large vacuole, or fluid-filled pouch; and chloroplasts that convert light energyRead MoreEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 Pageseverywhere is tainted with one or more potent toxins. The full extent of the problem, she worries, cannot even be precisely measured because methods for screening the new chemicals have yet to be routinized. In some instances, the danger lies in substances formed by unexpected reactions that take place betweenindividual contaminants; in such cases, toxins might escape detection even where tests are available. Chapter five explains the life cycle within soil-based ecosystems: rich soil gives rise to heartyRead MoreAn Introduction to Hydrophonics and Controlled Environmen t Agriculture40110 Words   |  161 Pages– many have switched to flowers. â€Å"higher winter light† countries such as Spain, France, Turkey, Israel and Mexico (growing quickly) – largely fruit/vegetable production. Commercial facilities have also been constructed in desert areas and/or near oceans where sea water is used for cooling and is desalinated and used for irrigation (Examples: Mexico and the Middle East). *Teachers – used as a teaching tool. Systems can include small desk-top units, outdoor units, or scaled-down commercial style units

The Concepts of Sustainability - 2713 Words

Sustainability is a concept with a diverse array of meanings and definitions – a widely used glamorous, ambiguous, ambivalent and vague concept that is used by different stakeholder groups in various ways. Presumably to avoid noodling over a terminology or to avoid the confrontation with a definition, most widely the concept is broken down a planning process (c.f. e.g. Dà ¶ring Muraca, 2010). That is why most common sustainability is understood as sustainable development.1 Sustainable development adapted after the Brundtlandt Report 1987, is a planned, aim- and process oriented procedure that meets the needs of today’s generations without endangering the needs of future generations and world regions (Ott Dà ¶ring 2004, 2006).2 The†¦show more content†¦This in turn required a common perception of the central approaches and concepts of the project. Starting point of the negotiation process was the adoption of the concept of â€Å"strong sustainability† (given in the project application). â€Å"Strong sustainability† refers to an approach in which natural capital (resources) is regarded as non-substitutable. Since natural resources are limited, they form the basic prerequisite for them (Dà ¶ring, 2004). But the question remains: How to deal with the other dimensions of sustainability? And where to locate culture? During ongoing mutual exchange of research information and experiecens, we came up with a first model of our project-internal aim of sustainability. Within our project, we have three sub-projects – biology, hydrology and anthropology – that jointly aim to reach sustainable pasture use (cf. Figure 1). This closely resembles a project internal sustainability-model with culture (local identity, needs and knowledge i.e.) influencing all components of our project. Figure 1: Sustainability within the BIOMAN-Project The feedback from the various local actors on our project â€Å"model†, that arose from the consequently participatory research design, revealed differences in pre-perception and evaluation of such a given formulation due to diverse backgrounds. We realised different levels of knowledge, attitudes, competences, options andShow MoreRelatedSustainability. Sustainability Is A Concept To Meet The1857 Words   |  8 PagesSustainability Sustainability is a concept to meet the needs of the future generation. Sustainability has been developing through the concern of society to the economy and ecology. Sustainability is important in the long run because we live depending on the natural resources that we have so in order for us to have a better life. In our generation we are already experiencing global warming, ozone depletion, greenhouse effect we have to prevent it because it is us who will suffer from the effectRead MoreA New Concept For Sustainability1958 Words   |  8 Pages On April 15, 1998, passion for sustainability began when consultant Greg Header acquired Everlite Greenhouses. As an avid outdoorsman and a heart for innovation, Mr. Header was determined to seek a new concept for sustainability by renamed the company Solar Innovations, Inc. Staying true to its horticultural values; Solar Innovations is a manufacturer of residential and commercial sunrooms, greenhouses, and curtain wall systems. Made from aluminum, vinyl, and wood Solar Innovations has lead theRead MoreThe Concept of Sustainability in Todays Business Leadership1314 Words   |  5 Pagesworld, the concept of sustainability has become paramount for sound practice. Indeed, any company that publicly makes itself liable to unsustainable practice tends to be maligned by its customers and rivals alike. Human-created environmental disasters such as the one involving BP recently proves the point that companies can no longer take a cavalier attitude towards environmental concerns. For this reason, an increasing amount of business leaders are focused upon increasing the sustainability of theirRead MoreConcepts And Practices Of Sustainability And Green Architecture3239 Words   |  13 Pages 1. INTRODUCTION The activation of the application of the concepts and practices of sustainability and green architecture in the construction industry will lead to finding appropriate solutions to the problems of environmental, economic and functional. Green architecture and sustainable buildings is not a luxury academically, and do not approach the theory or the aspirations and dreams have no place in reality, but because they represent a global trend for the application and start to be professionalRead MoreThis Paper Aimed To Explore The Concept Of Sustainability738 Words   |  3 PagesThis paper aimed to explore the concept of sustainability of nursing innovations guided by the concept analysis framework developed by Wilson (1969). Although attention in the literature of implementation science has arisen in a few decades, there is a need to identify a concrete definition to capture the essential elements in the concept of nursing innovations sustainability. This paper will present the connotativ e definitions and attributes, operational definition, antecedents, consequences, exemplarRead MoreSustainability Is Still A New Concept In The Lebanese Community.1043 Words   |  5 PagesSustainability is still a new concept in the Lebanese community. Since 2009, many initiatives took place to embed sustainability into businesses in Lebanon, by creating the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Lebanon website and by making annual international meetings since 2011 to discuss sustainability in practice and not only in theory. Lebanese banks have been implementing sustainability in their approaches, and they have been financing small businesses and start-ups to move into more sustainableRead MoreAnalysis : Kirsi Frames That Sustainability Is Fuzzy And Wide Concept1620 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION In this journal article Niinimà ¤ki, Kirsi frames that Sustainability is fuzzy and wide concept and the discussion what to sustain continues, the resources or lifestyle. Furthermore how holistically the sustainability should be approached is under discussion. According to the holistic approach for environmental ethics ecosystems and biosphere as a whole should be considered, not individual’s rights. We also discuss how certain factors like Innovation, , Ethically in production and CSRRead MoreA Business Plan For The Long Run With Csr Strategies1737 Words   |  7 Pagesthis effort to create a sustainable and profitable organization, it is possible that corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies are developed and employed by the organization without CSR itself being the original motivator. In other words, sustainability can be the main motivator for organizations to establish CSR strategies. In doing this, it is possible that they are actually participating in corporat e social irresponsibility (CSI). This paper will look at whether an organization’s effort toRead MoreSmart City Is A Concept1091 Words   |  5 PagesSmart City is a concept that is currently popular in the world, where every country is trying to develop their metropolitan cities to achieve the status of a Smart City. Smart City can be defined as the utilization of ICT to feel, analyze, and integrate key informations that comes from the core of the city, which in this case, the government. While at the same time, Smart City can also give a smart response to the various needs of the citizens. Some examples being daily activities, environmentalRead MoreSustainability Analysis : The Rain Forrest Alliance And Dole Food Company1136 Words   |  5 Pagescorporations alike have utilized the term â€Å"sustainability† in order to convey their respective agendas for general sustainability in environmental, social, and economic realms. In spite of their initiatives, there has yet to be a generally agreed upon, uniform definition for â€Å"sustainability.† This lack of semantic clarity has promoted skepticism among some parties, skepticism primarily focused in the legitimacy of sustainability agendas, as well as the idea of sustainability in itself (Context Development

Bachelor of Accounting Portfolio

Question: Discuss about the Bachelor of Accounting Portfolio. Answer: Introduction: The overall assignment is mainly conducted to understand overall risk associated with a developed portfolio. In addition, evaluation of the portfolio could be understood, which might help in depicting the overall return generated from investment. Furthermore, determination of the risk is conducted to understand the financial performance of the portfolio. Moreover, the overall risk, return, and historical performance are mainly conducted to understand the return, which might be generated from investment. Analysing the variables suitable asset classes: Portfolio % Return Amount Cash 10% 0.10% 100,000,000 Australian fixed interest 15% 0.32% 150,000,000 Australian equities 40% 0.18% 400,000,000 Australian properties 20% 0.09% 200,000,000 Overseas fixed interest 15% 0.21% 150,000,000 Portfolio value 100% 1,000,000,000 Table 1: Depicting the portfolio diversification (Source: As created by the author) Table 1 mainly states the overall portfolio diversification, which could be used in reducing the overall risk and improving return from investment. Rutkauskas, Stasytyte, and Borisova (2015) mentioned that diversification adequate steps, which is mainly taken by investor to reduce the overall return from investment. Cash: Interest rate Amount Interest paid Cash 0.10% 100,000,000 100,000 Table 2: Depicting the cash returns (Source: As created by the author) Table 1 mainly depicts the cash that is been maintained by the portfolio for generating low interest return from savings account. This liquidity is mainly needed to hedge the overall portfolio if things turn ugly. There is relatively no risk in keeping cash in the bank, while it provides a small interest. Mehta (2015) mentioned that keeping cash ideal is not adequate, as it might not help investors gain the required return from investment. The nature of investment is conducted to maintain level of liquidity, which might support investors. Australian fixed interest: Australian fixed interest Interest rate Amount Interest paid Interest paid yearly Australian bond 10 Year 2.76% 112,500,000 3,105,000 310,500 Australian bond 5 Year 2.30% 37,500,000 862,500 172,500 Table 3: Depicting the historical fixed interest rate (Source: As created by the author) Table 2 mainly states the fixed interest income, which is depicted from the fixed Australian interest bonds. In addition, there is relatively no risk as from the fixed interest scheme the return is freezed and will be enjoyed by the investor. Bodie, Kane and Marcus (2014) mentioned that bonds is risk free investment, which allows investor to gain the required rate of return by nullifying the risk from volatile capital market. This nature of investment will mainly ensure that the portfolio gets a constant income even if capital market is volatile and is providing lower returns. On the contrary, Ledenyov and Ledenyov (2015) argued that fixed interest rate mainly loses its friction and value if overall inflation rate in higher than the yield. Australian equities: Australian equities Share price No of shares Amount Portfolio diversification return % Beta BHP 26.35 4,554,080 120,000,000 20% 0.18% 1.62 CIM 34.37 3,491,417 120,000,000 30% 0.17% 0.55 JB Hi-fi Limited 28.81 4,165,220 120,000,000 50% 0.18% 0.62 Total 100% 0.18% 0.80 Table 4: Depicting the historical year return of shares (Source: As created by the author) From the overall table 4, 50% of the shares are mainly bought from JB Hi-fi Limited, as it contributes higher return with low risk. CIM also provides higher return, while contributing low risk to the portfolio. However, BHP provides higher risk, while providing higher return, which could increase the overall risk from the portfolio. The overall portfolio risk is mainly at 0.80, while return is at 0.18%, which could effectively help in improving return from investment. Vecco, Chang and Di (2015) mentioned that investors mainly use overall return and beta calculation for detecting the investment opprobrium, which might contribute low risk to the portfolio. In addition, 40% from the total portfolio value is mainly invested in Australian equities, as it could provide higher return from investment. There is relatively high risk of investment in Australian equities, as it might hamper the overall investment capital. Historical performance of BHP Billiton Limited: Figure 1: Depicting the historical performance of BHP Billiton Limited (Source: au.finance.yahoo.com 2017) Figure 1 mainly depicts the overall historical performance of BHP Billiton over the period of one year. The overall uptrend of the company has mainly depicted the viability, which might be helpful for investors to increase the overall return from investment. The rising price trend could effectively help the investor in making adequate retune from investment. Moreover, the investment could provide return of 0.18% and risk of 1.62, which could hamper investment capital. Jiang et al. (2014) mentioned that derivation of overall risk is mainly helpful in understanding the impact of volatile capital market. Historical performance of Cimic Group Limited: Figure 2: Depicting the historical performance of Cimic Group Limited (Source: au.finance.yahoo.com 2017) Figure 2 mainly states the overall historical performance of Cimic Group Limited for the duration of 1 year. The overall price of the company has gradually increased from $24 to $36 for the period of 1 year. The stock is mainly chosen, as it has high future prospect with expected return of 0.17% and beta of 0.55. This stock is mainly used to reduce the overall risk from investment and capturing higher return. Davnis et al. (2015) mentioned that CAPM model is mainly used in detecting the expected return and risk, which might affect return from investment. Historical performance of JB Hi-fi Limited: Figure 3: Depicting the historical performance of JB Hi-fi Limited (Source: au.finance.yahoo.com 2017) Figure 3 mainly depicts the overall historical price movement of JB Hi-fi Limited for the period of 1 year. In addition, share price of the company mail witnessed a low of around $20 and a high of $31. The high return provided by the stock could effectively help in reducing the beta and return from investment. The overall expected return of the company is mainly at 0.18% and beta is at 0.62, which mainly help in reducing the overall risk from investment. Gaudecker and Von (2015) cited that investors mainly use beta method for adding less risky asset in its portfolio. Maximum amount of capital is mainly invested in Australian securities it could effectively improve the overall return from investment. Australian property: Location Sector GLA (sq m) $/sq m Rent $/sq m Price Rent Occupancy Campbelltown Mall Retail 42,200 4,739 450 199,985,800 180,405 95% Table 5: Depicting the Australian property (Source: As created by the author) The overall Australian property mainly provides 0.09% in form of rent on yearly basis. In addition, investment in Australian property is mainly helpful in diversifying the risk, which might hinder return from investment. The investment risk could mainly arise from low demanded of retail stores among businesspersons. In addition, the occupancy rate is also a major risk, which might reduce return from investment. Saunders and Cornett (2014) mentioned that investment in property is mainly helpful in getting a constant income from rent. The nature of investment mainly has a higher risk if economic downturn occurs, however it only provides nominal return from investment. Overseas fixed interest: Overseas fixed interest Interest rate Amount Interest paid Interest paid yealry US bond 10 Year 2.44% 97,500,000 2,379,000 237,900 UK bond 10 Year 1.43% 52,500,000 750,750 75,075 Table 6: Depicting the overseas fixed interest (Source: As created by the author) Moreover, from table 6 overall investment in US and UK bond could be identified, which might be used to generate higher retune from investment. There is mainly no risk from investment, government are mainly mandates to provide the overall return to the investors. However, the return is mainly detected at 0.21% year on year basis, which might help in improving overall return of the portfolio. Bodie, Kane and Marcus (2014) mentioned that overseas investment could reduce its fiction if home countries currency gain strength against invested countrys currency. Depicting reason for expected annual income and capital growth likely to achieve from the portfolio: Particular Amount Investment 1,000,000,000 Total historical return 1,346,246.19 Return % 0.13% Capital Growth 1,001,346,246.19 Table 7: Depicting the expected annual income from the portfolio (Source: As created by the author) From table 7 the overall return of the total portfolio and capital growth could be identified, which might help in depicting efficiency of the investment method. The asset allocation system used in the portfolio has mainly helped in reducing the risk and increasing overall return to 0.13%. In addition, the investment capital could grow from 1 billion to 1.001 billion after 1 year. Najeeb, Bacha and Masih (2015) mentioned that determination of expected annual return is essential for increasing overall profitability. In addition, the overall risk of the portfolio is mainly from the investment in Australian equities, as the return is directly linked with volatility from capital market. In addition, investment in Australian property also holds risk, which might reduce the overall return from investment. However, diversification and adoption of fixed interest paying bond is the major contributor for reducing risk from investment and generating fixed revenue, which increases the capital. Conclusion: The assignment mainly evaluates the portfolio, which holds overseas fixed interest, Australian property, Australian equities, Australian fixed interest, and Cash. In addition, the combination of the portfolio mainly helps in reducing overall risk from investment and generates higher return. Moreover, fixed interest rate is mainly helpful in depicting the overall fixed revenue, which might help in increasing overall capital growth. Lastly, the low risk from Australian equities and property investment mainly helps in increasing the return from investment. However, the major risk, which might hamper return from investment, is the augmentation of the economic crises. Reference and Bibliography: au.finance.yahoo.com. (2017).CIMIC Group Ltd. [online] Available at: https://au.finance.yahoo.com/q?s=CIM.AXql=0 [Accessed 23 Jan. 2017]. Balli, F., Basher, S.A. and Louis, R.J., 2013. Sectoral equity returns and portfolio diversification opportunities across the GCC region.Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money,25, pp.33-48. Bhatti, G.A., Islam, T. and Rehman, A., 2015. Portfolio diversification in global equity markets and the role of global financial crisis.Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences,9(1), pp.69-95. Bodie, Z., Kane, A. and Marcus, A.J., 2014.Investments, 10e. McGraw-Hill Education. Bodie, Z., Kane, A. and Marcus, A.J., 2014.Investments, 10e. McGraw-Hill Education. Brire, M., Oosterlinck, K. and Szafarz, A., 2013. Virtual currency, tangible return: Portfolio diversification with Bitcoins. Claessens, S. and Forbes, K. eds., 2013.International financial contagion. Springer Science Business Media. Cressy, R., Malipiero, A. and Munari, F., 2014. Does VC fund diversification pay off? An empirical investigation of the effects of VC portfolio diversification on fund performance.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,10(1), pp.139-163. Davnis, V.V., Ziroyan, M.A., Vladika, M.V., Kamyshanchenko, E.N. and Tinyakova, V.I., 2015. A Situational Model of Investment Portfolio.International Business Management,9(5), pp.948-954. DeYoung, R., Gron, A., Torna, G. and Winton, A., 2015. Risk overhang and loan portfolio decisions: small business loan supply before and during the financial crisis.The Journal of Finance,70(6), pp.2451-2488. GAUDECKER, H. and VON, M., 2015. How does household portfolio diversification vary with financial literacy and financial advice?.The Journal of Finance,70(2), pp.489-507. Guidi, F. and Ugur, M., 2014. An analysis of South-Eastern European stock markets: Evidence on cointegration and portfolio diversification benefits.Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money,30, pp.119-136. Jiang, W.N., Ju, B.S., Zhai, G.H., Chen, Y.Q. and Wei, L., 2014. Study on Application of Markowitz's Portfolio Selection Theory in Overseas Petroleum Venture Investment Decision.Advanced Materials Research, (1051). Ledenyov, D.O. and Ledenyov, V.O., 2015. On the tracking and replication of hedge fund optimal investment portfolio strategies in global capital markets in presence of nonlinearities, applying Bayesian filters: 1. StratanovichKalmanBucy filters for Gaussian linear investment returns distribution and 2. Particle filters for non-Gaussian non-linear investment returns distribution. Mehta, D., 2015. Evidences of efficient investment portfolio in Indian capital markets-An analysis based on BSE and NSE indices. Najeeb, S.F., Bacha, O. and Masih, M., 2015. Does heterogeneity in investment horizons affect portfolio diversification? Some insights using M-GARCH-DCC and wavelet correlation analysis.Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,51(1), pp.188-208. Rutkauskas, A.V., Stasytyte, V. and Borisova, J., 2015. ADEQUATE PORTFOLIO AS A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF INVESTMENT PROFITABILITY, RISK AND RELIABILITY ADJUSTMENT TO INVESTOR S INTERESTS.Economics and Management, (14), pp.1170-1174. Saunders, A. and Cornett, M.M., 2014.Financial institutions management. McGraw-Hill Education,. Vecco, M., Chang, S. and Di Benedetto, G., 2015.Art as an investment: Return, risk and portfolio diversification in Chinese contemporary art. Working paper. Yang, Y., Narayanan, V.K. and De Carolis, D.M., 2014. The relationship between portfolio diversification and firm value: The evidence from corporate venture capital activity.Strategic Management Journal,35(13), pp.1993-2011.

Inquisition free essay sample

They tie me to a chair, wind my legs in thick laces of rope, gag my mouth, and blindfold my eyes. I cant see anything; I cant hear anyone; I cant move. I fidget with the pencil in my hand, and I know I am supposed to write. My head pounds and my heart thumps feverishly. Perspiration builds at my temples and my teeth grind, crying for the relief that only contact with fingernails can bring. They are asking me to tell them who I am and what I have achieved in my measly 17 years on this planet. I am no musical prodigy, no Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart or Ludwig van Beethoven. I am no master Iron Chef; instead, to scramble eggs without burning them is an accomplishment for me. I am no great explorer like Christopher Columbus. The greatest voyage Ive ever embarked on was in my own backyard, and the greatest discovery I ever made was of a quarter wedged between the sofa cushions. We will write a custom essay sample on Inquisition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I am not Bill Gates, nor am I Mark Zuckerberg. I can, however, access Facebook using Windows on a PC. I did not write papers on quantum theory like Max Planck and Werner Heisenberg, but I do have a theory on the quantity of jellybeans in the jar in the contest at school. I cant dance like Shakira, smile like Mona Lisa, lead like Obama, or sing like Santana. The only time I sing is when I have a problem, and only then because I find solace in knowing at least something sounds worse than that problem. I have never met anyone famous; the closest I have come to it was the letter I wrote to President Obama this summer, and he didnt even write back. My impression of an Indian accent is impressive, but I am no great peace-preaching Gandhi. I am none of these things – yet. Four years from now, tie me to a chair, lace my legs in rope, gag my mouth, blindfold my eyes, give me a pencil and ask me the same question again.